TCP-IP

       


-, . netstat , inet (AF_INET) UNIX (AF_LOCAL AF_UNIX). , -f.

, INADDR_ANY, , -. , TCP/UDP-, netstat :

bsd: $ netstat -f inet

Active Internet connections

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address (state)

tcp 0 0 localhost.domain *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 bsd.domain *.* LISTEN

udp 0 0 localhost.domain *.*

udp 0 0 bsd.domain *.*

bsd: $

(named), bsd. , :

bsd: $ netstat -af inet

Active Internet connections



Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address (state)

tcp 0 0 *.6000 *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.smtp *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.printer *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.rlnum *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.tcpmux *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.chargen *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.discard *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.echo *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.time *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.daytime *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.finger *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.login *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.cmd *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.telnet *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.ftp *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.1022 *.* LISTEN


tcp 0 0 *.2049 *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 *.1023 *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 localhost.domain *.* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 bsd.domain *.* LISTEN

udp 0 0 *.udpecho *.*

udp 0 0 *.chargen *.*

udp 0 0 *.discard *.*

udp 0 0 *.echo *.*

udp 0 0 *.time *.*

udp 0 0 *.ntalk *.*

udp 0 0 *.biff *.*

udp 0 0 *.1011 *.*

udp 0 0 *.nfsd *.*

udp 0 0 *.1023 *.*

udp 0 0 *. sunrpc *.*

udp 0 0 *.1024 *.*

udp 0 0 localhost. Domain *.*

udp 0 0 bsd. domain *.*

udp 0 0 *.syslog *.*

bsd: $

᫨ ⨫ ணࠬ lsof (ᮢ 37), 㦨, -騭⢮ <ࢥ஢> - ⢨⥫쭮 inetd (ᮢ 17), 騩 室 ᮥ ⠣ࠬ ⠭ ࢨᮢ. state TCP-ᮥ 砥, ࢥ ­ ᮥ .

᫨ ࢥ -஫ telnet:

bbd: $ telnet bsd echo

 ᮥ ﭨ ESTABLISHED:

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address (state)

tcp 0 0 bsd.echo bsd.1035 ESTABLISHED

tcp 0 0 bsd.1035 bsd.echo ESTABLISHED

tTcp 0 0 *.echo *.* LISTEN

饭 ப, ⭮騥 ࢥ -஫. , , ᪮ ᮥ 쭮 設, 뤠 netstat ᮥ : ࠧ , 㣮 - ࢥ. ⠪, inetd த 訢 쭥 ᮥ.

ਬ砭: ᫥ 砭 ॡ ᪮쪨 ᭥. telnet- ᮥ 7 ( ) 䠪᪨ ᯮ ⢥ 祭, த 訢 . ଠ쭮, ⠪ 窨 ७ TCP ᮥ - ⢥ઠ, IP- 㤠 IP- (ᮢ 23). , inetd 訢 㭨ᠫ쭮 <ᥢ> INADDR_ANY, 窮 LocalAddress, ⮣ IP- ⠭ ᮥ ࠢ bsd. ᫨ , ᮧ ⥫쭮 ᮥ telnet, 稫 ப, 륯 , ⮫쪮 ⫨祭 1035.

ࠡ ᭮ netstat. :

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address (state)

tcp 0 0 bsd.1035 bsd.echo TIME_WAIT

, ᪠ ஭ ᮥ 室 ﭨ TIME-WAIT (ᮢ 22). state  㣨 ﭨ, ஡ 0 ᪠뢠 RFC 793 [Postel 1981b].